A small scarlet-colored fungus associating foxes drinking alcohol

Today is March 3rd, and it snowed a little last night. It’s been warm until recently, but I felt it suddenly became cold again.  When I went to the forest as usual, the snow remained slightly on the ground. 

I found a small scarlet-colored fungus bearing white hairs on the exterior growing on the ground. The fungal body looks like a small ball with a hole in the center.

It is called Shirokitsune No Sakazuki in Japanese. Literally translated, Shirokitsune means a white fox and Sakazuki means a small porcelain cup for drinking alcohol, namely sake. Scientific name is Microstoma floccosum, a kind of Ascomycetes fungus.


This fungus looks like as if it opens its mouth widely.



 Why is this fungus called "white fox's sake cup"? 

Actually, I happened to find the same fungus near here last March. At that time, the fungus was the same shape as those of the above photos, as I mentioned earlier, round fruit bodies with a hole in the center.
So, I brought back the fungus accompanied with dead branches for further observation.

I was keeping this fungus with dead branches in the bucket with water in the bottom. Also, I covered the bucket with a polyethylene bag to maintain high humidity.

After 4 days, the fungal bodies changed drastically. It had turned to deep funnel-shaped, scarlet-colored fruit bodies.

Due to its shape, in long time ago, our ancestor probably imagined that a white fox in the forest would be drinking alcohol, "sake", using this fungus as a cup. 
Because "white hairs" were bearing on the fungal body, it might be the case that our ancestor associated a white fox.

There are many plants and mushrooms that have a prefix "fox's" added to the beginning of their Japanese name. In the past, foxes were probably so familiar that they were used as a prefix.

Believe it or not, but a pair of fox have been appearing sometimes around my house at midnight. Foxes bark in unique voice. However, when I listen to their barking carefully, I feel it's a little similar to dog's barking.  

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